Wade-Giles
|
Pinyin
|
Yale
|
E.F.E.O.
|
a
|
a
|
a
|
a
|
ai
|
ai
|
ai
|
ngai
|
an
|
an
|
an
|
ngan
|
ang
|
ang
|
ang
|
ngang
|
ao
|
ao
|
au
|
ngao
|
cha
|
zha
|
ja
|
tcha
|
ch'a
|
cha
|
cha
|
tch'a
|
chai
|
zhai
|
jai
|
tchai
|
ch'ai
|
chai
|
chai
|
tch'ai
|
chan
|
zhan
|
jan
|
tchan
|
ch'an
|
chan
|
chan
|
tch'an
|
chang
|
zhang
|
jang
|
tchang
|
ch'ang
|
chang
|
chang
|
tch'ang
|
chao
|
zhao
|
jau
|
tchao
|
ch'ao
|
chao
|
chau
|
tch'ao
|
che
|
zhe
|
je
|
tchö
|
ch'e
|
che
|
che
|
tch'ö
|
chei
|
zhei
|
jei
|
tchei
|
chen
|
zhen
|
jen
|
tchen
|
ch'en
|
chen
|
chen
|
tch'en
|
cheng
|
zheng
|
jeng
|
tcheng
|
ch'eng
|
cheng
|
cheng
|
tch'eng
|
chi
|
ji
|
ji
|
ki, tsi
|
ch'i
|
qi
|
chi
|
k'i, ts'i
|
chia
|
jia
|
jya
|
kia
|
ch'ia
|
qia
|
chya
|
k'ia
|
chiang
|
jiang
|
jyang
|
kiang, tsiang
|
ch'iang
|
qiang
|
chyang
|
k'iang, ts'iang
|
chiao
|
jiao
|
jyau
|
kiao, tsiao
|
ch'iao
|
qiao
|
chyau
|
k'iao, ts'iao
|
chieh
|
jie
|
jye
|
kiai, kie, tsie
|
ch'ieh
|
qie
|
chye
|
k'iai, k'ie, ts'ie
|
chien
|
jian
|
jyan
|
kien, tsien
|
ch'ien
|
qian
|
chyan
|
k'ien, ts'ien
|
chih
|
zhi
|
jr
|
tche
|
ch'ih
|
chi
|
chr
|
tch'e
|
chin
|
jin
|
jin
|
kin, tsin
|
ch'in
|
qin
|
chin
|
k'in, ts'in
|
ching
|
jing
|
jing
|
king, tsing
|
ch'ing
|
qing
|
ching
|
k'ing, ts'ing
|
chiu
|
jiu
|
jyou
|
kieou, tsieou
|
ch'iu
|
qiu
|
chyou
|
k'ieou, ts'ieou
|
chiung
|
jiong
|
jyung
|
kiong
|
ch'iung
|
qiong
|
chyung
|
k'iong
|
cho
|
zhuo
|
jwo
|
tcho, tchouo
|
ch'o
|
chuo
|
chwo
|
tch'ouo
|
chou
|
zhou
|
jou
|
tcheou
|
ch'ou
|
chou
|
chou
|
tch'eou
|
chu
|
zhu
|
ju
|
tchou
|
ch'u
|
chu
|
chu
|
tch'ou
|
chü
|
ju
|
jyu
|
kiu, tsiu
|
ch'ü
|
qu
|
chyu
|
k'iu, ts'iu
|
chua
|
zhua
|
jwa
|
tchoua
|
chuai
|
zhuai
|
jwai
|
tchouai
|
ch'uai
|
chuai
|
chwai
|
tch'ouai
|
chuan
|
zhuan
|
jwan
|
tchouan
|
ch'uan
|
chuan
|
chwan
|
tch'ouan
|
chüan
|
juan
|
jywan
|
kiuan, tsiuan
|
ch'üan
|
quan
|
chywan
|
k'iuan, ts'iuan
|
chuang
|
zhuang
|
jwang
|
tchouang
|
ch'uang
|
chuang
|
chwang
|
tch'ouang
|
chüeh
|
jue
|
jywe
|
kio, kiue, tsio, tsiue
|
ch'üeh
|
que
|
chywe
|
k'io, k'iue, ts'io, ts'iue
|
chui
|
zhui
|
jwei
|
tchouei
|
ch'ui
|
chui
|
chwei
|
tch'ouei
|
chun
|
zhun
|
jwun
|
tchouen
|
ch'un
|
chun
|
chwun
|
tch'ouen
|
chün
|
jun
|
jyun
|
kiun, tsiun
|
ch'ün
|
qun
|
chyun
|
k'iun, ts'iun
|
chung
|
zhong
|
jung
|
tchong
|
ch'ung
|
chong
|
chung
|
tch'ong
|
e
|
e
|
e
|
ngo
|
ei
|
ei
|
ei
|
ei
|
en
|
en
|
en
|
ngen
|
eng
|
eng
|
eng
|
ngeng
|
erh
|
er
|
er
|
eul
|
fa
|
fa
|
fa
|
fa
|
fan
|
fan
|
fan
|
fan
|
fang
|
fang
|
fang
|
fang
|
fei
|
fei
|
fei
|
fei
|
fen
|
fen
|
fen
|
fen
|
feng
|
feng
|
feng
|
fong
|
fo
|
fo
|
fwo
|
fo
|
fou
|
fou
|
fou
|
feou
|
fu
|
fu
|
fu
|
fou
|
ha
|
ha
|
ha
|
ha
|
hai
|
hai
|
hai
|
hai
|
han
|
han
|
han
|
han
|
hang
|
hang
|
hang
|
hang
|
hao
|
hao
|
hau
|
hao
|
he
|
he
|
he
|
ho, hö
|
hei
|
hei
|
hei
|
hei
|
hen
|
hen
|
hen
|
hen
|
heng
|
heng
|
heng
|
heng
|
hou
|
hou
|
hou
|
heou
|
hsi
|
xi
|
xyi
|
hi, si
|
hsia
|
xia
|
sya
|
hia
|
hsiang
|
xiang
|
syang
|
hiang, siang
|
hsiao
|
xiao
|
syau
|
hiao, siao
|
hsieh
|
xie
|
sye
|
hiai, hie, sie
|
hsien
|
xian
|
syan
|
hien, sian
|
hsin
|
xin
|
syin
|
hin, sin
|
hsing
|
xing
|
sying
|
hing, sing
|
hsiu
|
xiu
|
syou
|
hieou, sieou
|
hsiung
|
xiong
|
syung
|
hiong
|
hsü
|
xu
|
syu
|
hiu, siu
|
hsüan
|
xuan
|
sywan
|
hiuan, siuan
|
hsüeh
|
xue
|
sywe
|
hiue, siue
|
hsün
|
xun
|
syun
|
hiun, siun
|
hu
|
hu
|
hu
|
hou
|
hua
|
hua
|
hwa
|
houa
|
huai
|
huai
|
hwai
|
houai
|
huan
|
huan
|
hwan
|
houan
|
huang
|
huang
|
hwang
|
houang
|
hui
|
hui
|
hwei
|
houei
|
hun
|
hun
|
hwun
|
houen
|
hung
|
hong
|
hung
|
hong
|
huo
|
huo
|
hwo
|
houo
|
i
|
yi
|
yi
|
yi
|
jan
|
ran
|
ran
|
jan
|
jang
|
rang
|
rang
|
jang
|
jao
|
rao
|
rau
|
jao
|
je
|
re
|
re
|
jö
|
jen
|
ren
|
ren
|
jen
|
jeng
|
reng
|
reng
|
jeng
|
jih
|
ri
|
r
|
je
|
jo
|
ruo
|
rwo
|
jo
|
jou
|
rou
|
rou
|
jeou
|
ju
|
ru
|
ru
|
jou
|
jua
|
rua
|
rwa
|
joua
|
juan
|
ruan
|
rwan
|
jouan
|
jui
|
rui
|
rwei
|
jouei
|
jun
|
run
|
rwun
|
jouen
|
jung
|
rong
|
rung
|
jong
|
ka
|
ga
|
ga
|
ka
|
k'a
|
ka
|
ka
|
k'a
|
kai
|
gai
|
gai
|
kai
|
k'ai
|
kai
|
kai
|
k'ai
|
kan
|
gan
|
gan
|
kan
|
k'an
|
kan
|
kan
|
k'an
|
kang
|
gang
|
gang
|
kang
|
k'ang
|
kang
|
kang
|
k'ang
|
kao
|
gao
|
gau
|
kao
|
k'ao
|
kao
|
kau
|
k'ao
|
ke
|
ge
|
ge
|
ko, kö
|
k'ê
|
ke
|
ke
|
k'o, k'ö
|
kei
|
gei
|
gei
|
kei
|
ken
|
gen
|
gen
|
ken
|
k'en
|
ken
|
ken
|
k'en
|
keng
|
geng
|
geng
|
keng
|
k'eng
|
keng
|
keng
|
k'eng
|
kou
|
gou
|
gou
|
keou
|
k'ou
|
kou
|
kou
|
k'eou
|
ku
|
gu
|
gu
|
kou
|
k'u
|
ku
|
ku
|
k'ou
|
kua
|
gua
|
gwa
|
koua
|
k'ua
|
kua
|
kwa
|
k'oua
|
kuai
|
guai
|
gwai
|
kouai
|
k'uai
|
kuai
|
kwai
|
k'ouai
|
kuan
|
guan
|
gwan
|
kouan
|
k'uan
|
kuan
|
kwan
|
k'ouan
|
kuang
|
guang
|
gwang
|
kouang
|
k'uang
|
kuang
|
kwang
|
k'ouang
|
kuei
|
gui
|
gwei
|
kouei
|
k'uei
|
kui
|
kwei
|
k'ouei
|
kun
|
gun
|
gwun
|
kouen
|
k'un
|
kun
|
kwun
|
k'ouen
|
kung
|
gong
|
gung
|
kong
|
k'ung
|
kong
|
kung
|
k'ong
|
kuo
|
guo
|
gwo
|
kouo
|
k'uo
|
kuo
|
kwo
|
k'ouo
|
la
|
la
|
la
|
la
|
lai
|
lai
|
lai
|
lai
|
lan
|
lan
|
lan
|
lan
|
lang
|
lang
|
lang
|
lang
|
lao
|
lao
|
lau
|
lao
|
le
|
le
|
le
|
lö
|
lei
|
lei
|
lei
|
lei
|
leng
|
leng
|
leng
|
leng
|
li
|
li
|
li
|
li
|
lia
|
lia
|
lya
|
lia
|
liang
|
liang
|
lyang
|
leang
|
liao
|
liao
|
lyau
|
leao
|
lieh
|
lie
|
lye
|
lie
|
lien
|
lian
|
lyan
|
lien
|
lin
|
lin
|
lin
|
lin
|
ling
|
ling
|
ling
|
ling
|
liu
|
liu
|
lyou
|
liu
|
lou
|
lou
|
lou
|
leou
|
lu
|
lu
|
lu
|
lou
|
lü
|
lü
|
lyu
|
liu
|
luan
|
luan
|
lwan
|
louan
|
lüeh
|
lüe
|
lywe
|
liue, lio
|
lun
|
lun
|
lwun
|
louen
|
lung
|
long
|
lung
|
long
|
luo
|
luo
|
lwo
|
lo, loue
|
ma
|
ma
|
ma
|
ma
|
mai
|
mai
|
mai
|
mai
|
man
|
man
|
man
|
man
|
mang
|
mang
|
mang
|
mang
|
mao
|
mao
|
mau
|
mao
|
me
|
me
|
me
|
mö
|
mei
|
mei
|
mei
|
mei
|
men
|
men
|
men
|
men
|
meng
|
meng
|
meng
|
mong
|
mi
|
mi
|
mi
|
mi
|
miao
|
miao
|
myau
|
miao
|
mieh
|
mie
|
mye
|
mie
|
mien
|
mian
|
myan
|
mien
|
min
|
min
|
min
|
min
|
ming
|
ming
|
ming
|
ming
|
miu
|
miu
|
myou
|
mieou
|
mo
|
mo
|
mwo
|
moio, mo
|
mou
|
mou
|
mou
|
meou
|
mu
|
mu
|
mu
|
mou
|
na
|
na
|
na
|
na
|
nai
|
nai
|
nai
|
nai
|
nan
|
nan
|
nan
|
nan
|
nang
|
nang
|
nang
|
nang
|
nao
|
nao
|
nau
|
nao
|
ne
|
ne
|
ne
|
ne
|
nei
|
nei
|
nei
|
nei
|
nen
|
nen
|
nen
|
nen
|
neng
|
neng
|
neng
|
neng
|
ni
|
ni
|
ni
|
ni
|
niang
|
niang
|
nyang
|
niang
|
niao
|
niao
|
nyau
|
niao
|
nieh
|
nie
|
nye
|
nie
|
nien
|
nian
|
nyan
|
nien
|
nin
|
nin
|
nin
|
nin
|
ning
|
ning
|
ning
|
ning
|
niu
|
niu
|
nyou
|
nieou
|
no
|
nuo
|
nwo
|
no
|
nou
|
nou
|
nou
|
neou
|
nu
|
nu
|
nu
|
nou
|
nü
|
nü
|
nyu
|
niu
|
nuan
|
nuan
|
nwan
|
nouan
|
nüeh
|
nüe
|
nywe
|
nio
|
nung
|
nong
|
nung
|
nong
|
o
|
o
|
o
|
ngo
|
ou
|
ou
|
ou
|
ngeou
|
pa
|
ba
|
ba
|
pa
|
p'a
|
pa
|
pa
|
p'a
|
pai
|
bai
|
bai
|
pai
|
p'ai
|
pai
|
pai
|
p'ai
|
pan
|
ban
|
ban
|
pan
|
p'an
|
pan
|
pan
|
p'an
|
pang
|
bang
|
bang
|
pang
|
p'ang
|
pang
|
pang
|
p'ang
|
pao
|
bao
|
bau
|
pao
|
p'ao
|
pao
|
pau
|
p'ao
|
pei
|
bei
|
bei
|
pei
|
p'ei
|
pei
|
pei
|
p'ei
|
pen
|
ben
|
ben
|
pen
|
p'en
|
pen
|
pen
|
p'en
|
peng
|
beng
|
beng
|
peng
|
p'eng
|
peng
|
peng
|
p'eng
|
pi
|
bi
|
bi
|
pi
|
p'i
|
pi
|
pi
|
p'i
|
piao
|
biao
|
byau
|
piao
|
p'iao
|
piao
|
pyau
|
p'iao
|
pieh
|
bie
|
bye
|
pie
|
p'ieh
|
pie
|
pye
|
p'ie
|
pien
|
bian
|
byan
|
pien
|
p'ien
|
pian
|
pyan
|
p'ien
|
pin
|
bin
|
bin
|
pin
|
p'in
|
pin
|
pin
|
p'in
|
ping
|
bing
|
bing
|
ping
|
p'ing
|
ping
|
ping
|
p'ing
|
po
|
bo
|
bwo
|
po
|
p'o
|
po
|
pwo
|
p'o
|
p'ou
|
pou
|
pou
|
p'eou
|
pu
|
bu
|
bu
|
pou
|
p'u
|
pu
|
pu
|
p'ou
|
sa
|
sa
|
sa
|
sa
|
sai
|
sai
|
sai
|
sai
|
san
|
san
|
san
|
san
|
sang
|
sang
|
sang
|
sang
|
sao
|
sao
|
sau
|
sao
|
se
|
se
|
se
|
sö
|
sen
|
sen
|
sen
|
sen
|
seng
|
seng
|
seng
|
seng
|
sha
|
sha
|
sha
|
cha
|
shai
|
shai
|
shai
|
chai
|
shan
|
shan
|
shan
|
chan
|
shang
|
shang
|
shang
|
chang
|
shao
|
shao
|
shau
|
chao
|
she
|
she
|
she
|
chö
|
shei
|
shei
|
shei
|
chei
|
shen
|
shen
|
shen
|
chen
|
sheng
|
sheng
|
sheng
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cheng
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shih
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shi
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shr
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che
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shou
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shou
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shou
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cheou
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shu
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shu
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shu
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chou
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shua
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shua
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shwa
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choua
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shuai
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shuai
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shwai
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chouai
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shuan
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shuan
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shwan
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chouan
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shuang
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shuang
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shwang
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chouang
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shui
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shui
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shwei
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chouei
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shun
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shun
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shwun
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chouen
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shuo
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shuo
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shwo
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chouo, cho
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so
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suo
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swo
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so
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sou
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sou
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sou
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seou
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ssu
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si
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sz
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sseu
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su
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su
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su
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sou
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suan
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suan
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swan
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souan
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sui
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sui
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swei
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souei
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sun
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sun
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swun
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souen
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sung
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song
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sung
|
song
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ta
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da
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da
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ta
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t'a
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ta
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ta
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t'a
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tai
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dai
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dai
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tai
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t'ai
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tai
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tai
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t'ai
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tan
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dan
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dan
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tan
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t'an
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tan
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tan
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t'an
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tang
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dang
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dang
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tang
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t'ang
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tang
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tang
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t'ang
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tao
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dao
|
dau
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tao
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t'ao
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tao
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tau
|
t'ao
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te
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de
|
de
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tö
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t'e
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te
|
te
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t'ö
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tei
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dei
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dei
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tei
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t'ei
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tei
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tei
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t'ei
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ten
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den
|
den
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ten
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teng
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deng
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deng
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teng
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t'eng
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teng
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teng
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t'eng
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ti
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di
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di
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ti
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t'i
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ti
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ti
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t'i
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tiao
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diao
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dyau
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tiao
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t'iao
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tiao
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tyau
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t'iao
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tieh
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die
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dye
|
tie
|
t'ieh
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tie
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tye
|
t'ie
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tien
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dian
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dyan
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tien
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t'ien
|
tian
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tyan
|
t'ien
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ting
|
ding
|
ding
|
ting
|
t'ing
|
ting
|
ting
|
t'ing
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tiu
|
diu
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dyou
|
tieou
|
to
|
duo
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dwo
|
to
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t'o
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tuo
|
two
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t'o
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tou
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dou
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dou
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teou
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t'ou
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tou
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tou
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t'eou
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tsa
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za
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dza
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tsa
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ts'a
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ca
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tsa
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ts'a
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tsai
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zai
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dzai
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tsai
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ts'ai
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cai
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tsai
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ts'ai
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tsan
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zan
|
dzan
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tsan
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ts'an
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can
|
tsan
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ts'an
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tsang
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zang
|
dzang
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tsang
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ts'ang
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cang
|
tsang
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ts'ang
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tsao
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zao
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dzau
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tsao
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ts'ao
|
cao
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tsau
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ts'ao
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tse
|
ze
|
dze
|
tsö
|
ts'e
|
ce
|
tse
|
ts'ö
|
tsei
|
zei
|
dzei
|
tsei
|
tsen
|
zen
|
dzen
|
tsen
|
ts'en
|
cen
|
tsen
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ts'en
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tseng
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zeng
|
dzeng
|
tseng
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ts'eng
|
ceng
|
tseng
|
ts'eng
|
tso
|
zuo
|
dzwo
|
tso
|
ts'o
|
cuo
|
tswo
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ts'o
|
tsou
|
zou
|
dzou
|
tseou
|
ts'ou
|
cou
|
tsou
|
ts'eou
|
tsu
|
zu
|
dzu
|
tsou
|
ts'u
|
cu
|
tsu
|
ts'ou
|
tsuan
|
zuan
|
dzwan
|
tsouan
|
ts'uan
|
cuan
|
tswan
|
ts'ouan
|
tsui
|
zui
|
dzwei
|
tsouei
|
ts'ui
|
cui
|
tswei
|
ts'ouei
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tsun
|
zun
|
dzwun
|
tsouen
|
ts'un
|
cun
|
tswun
|
ts'ouen
|
tsung
|
zong
|
dzung
|
tsong
|
ts'ung
|
cong
|
tsung
|
ts'ung
|
tu
|
du
|
du
|
tou
|
t'u
|
tu
|
tu
|
t'ou
|
tuan
|
duan
|
dwan
|
touan
|
t'uan
|
tuan
|
twan
|
t'ouan
|
tui
|
dui
|
dwei
|
touei
|
t'ui
|
tui
|
twei
|
t'ouei
|
tun
|
dun
|
dwun
|
touen
|
t'un
|
tun
|
twun
|
t'ouen
|
tung
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dong
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dung
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tong
|
t'ung
|
tong
|
tung
|
t'ong
|
tzu
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zi
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dz
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tseu
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tz'u
|
ci
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tsz
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ts'eu
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wa
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wa
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wa
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wa
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wai
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wai
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wai
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wai
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wan
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wan
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wan
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wan
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wang
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wang
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wang
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wang
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wei
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wei
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wei
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wen
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wen
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wen
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wo
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wo
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wo
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wo
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wu
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ya
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ya
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yang
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ye
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ye
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ye
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yin
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yin
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ying
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ying
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ying
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ying
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yu
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you
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you
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yeou
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yü
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yu
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yu
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yu
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